What is the purpose of a transformer in a power system?
Transformers change the current and voltage in a circuit. Voltage can be increased or decreased using transformers. Energy is lost during the transmission of electricity over long distances, such as from a power plant to your home.Long-distance transmission lines use high voltage because it loses less energy. It should be noted, however, that this high voltage is too dangerous for domestic use. Transformers are used to change the voltage at which electricity is delivered from a power plant to your home.For transmission over long distances, the voltage from the power plant is first “stepped up” with a transformer. Using the transformer, the voltage is then lowered before entering your home again.
What’s the Role of Transformers in a Power System?
In a power system, the transformer is primarily responsible for transforming voltage in order to facilitate power transmission. With the step-up transformer, the voltage can be boosted, reducing line losses, improving power transmission efficiency, and achieving the purpose of long-distance power transmission; With a step-down transformer, the high voltage can be converted into the voltage needed by the user at all levels.
Power transformers are found in the first three of the four links of power generation, transmission, distribution, and consumption.
- In the power generation link, the power transformer transmits the electric energy generated by the power plant to the power grid and increases the output voltage to meet the requirements of the power grid’s rated high voltage. A step-up transformer is required for this step. Increasing the voltage at the power station and reducing the current proportionally will reduce the current on the transmission line
- Voltage conversion between grids of different voltages
- To meet the voltage requirements of the distribution network, the voltage is reduced at the end of the transmission through the power transformers at all levels. In hierarchical transmission systems, voltage is reduced and current is scaled up before it is distributed to industrial, commercial, or residential users
What advantage do they lend to a power system?
In view of the fact that all transmission lines have resistance, and the power lost in these lines is equal to one plus one plus one (Amperes squared), it is advantageous to flow a low current through these lines. With this transformer, voltage can be increased or decreased efficiently and economically, reducing transmission line power losses.
